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Water Vapor in the Spectrum of the Extrasolar Planet HD 189733b: 1. the Transit

机译:太阳系外行星HD 189733b光谱中的水蒸气:1   过境

摘要

We report near-infrared spectroscopy of the gas giant planet HD 189733b intransit. We used the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (HST WFC3) withits G141 grism covering 1.1 um to 1.7 um and spatially scanned the image acrossthe detector at 2\arcsec$s^{-1}$. When smoothed to 75 nm bins, the local maximaof the transit depths in the 1.15 um and 1.4 um water vapor featuresrespectively are 83+/-53 ppm and 200+/-47 ppm greater than the local minimum at1.3 um. We compare the WFC3 spectrum with the composite transit spectrum of HD189733b assembled by Pont et al. (2013), extending from 0.3 um to 24 um.Although the water vapor features in the WFC3 spectrum are compatible with themodel of non-absorbing, Rayleigh-scattering dust in the planetary atmosphere(Pont et al. 2013), we also re-interpret the available data with a clearplanetary atmosphere. In the latter interpretation, the slope of increasingtransit depth with shorter wavelengths from the near infrared, through thevisible and into the ultraviolet is caused by unocculted star spots, with asmaller contribution of Rayleigh scattering by molecular hydrogen in theplanet's atmosphere. At relevant pressures along the terminator, our modelplanetary atmosphere's temperature is ~700 K, which is below the condensationtemperatures of sodium- and potassium-bearing molecules, causing the broadwings of the spectral lines of Na I and K I at 0.589 um and 0.769 um to beweak.
机译:我们报告了在途天然气天体HD 189733b的近红外光谱。我们使用了哈勃太空望远镜广角相机3(HST WFC3),其G141光栅覆盖了1.1 um至1.7 um,并在探测器上以2 \ arcsec $ s ^ {-1} $对图像进行了空间扫描。当平滑到75 nm容器时,在1.15 um和1.4 um水汽特征中的通过深度的局部最大值分别比在1.3 um处的局部最小值大83 +/- 53 ppm和200 +/- 47 ppm。我们将WFC3频谱与Pont等人组装的HD189733b的复合传输频谱进行了比较。 (2013年),从0.3微米扩展到24微米。尽管WFC3光谱中的水汽特征与行星大气中非吸收性,瑞利散射尘埃的模型兼容(Pont等人,2013年),在行星际大气中解释可用数据。在后一种解释中,短波长从近红外到可见光再到紫外线的传输深度增加的斜率是由未被遮盖的星斑引起的,而在大气层中分子氢对瑞利散射的贡献较小。在沿着终结器的相关压力下,我们的模型行星大气温度为〜700 K,低于含钠和钾的分子的冷凝温度,从而导致Na I和KI光谱线的展宽在0.589 um和0.769 um处减弱。 。

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